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Re: The units keyword

Posted By: Jonathan Leffler
Date: Wednesday, 18 May 2005, at 1:16 p.m.

In Response To: The units keyword (John Bejarano )

"John Bejarano " <jbejarano@sbcglobal.net> wrote on 05/17/2005 01:49:28
PM:
> Currently in the process of converting some SQL from
> SQL Server to Informix (yay!). In one place we're
> inserting the current time plus an offset. Before it
> was:
>
> getutcdate() + (?/86400.0)
>
> I was pretty sure that the following would fail and it did:
>
> current year to fraction(3) + (?/86400.0)
>
> However, I figured the workaround would be this, but
> it failed also:
>
> current year to fraction(3) + ? units second
>
> The last one fails with the error message:
>
> 1264: Extra characters at the end of a datetime or
> interval.
>
> There are no other characters after that last
> interval. There's very little about this on google.
> Is this a bug in Informix? If so, is there a
> workaround?
>
> I also tried the following to no avail:
>
> current year to fraction(3) + interval (?) second to
> second
>
> That fails with the error message:
>
> 1261: Too many digits in the first field of datetime
> or interval.

Odd that you didn't continue with interval(?) second to fraction(3)...

If you're using question marks, these are fragments of embedded SQL,
probably in ODBC or JDBC, possibly in ESQL/C - they're not in DB-Access
code, anyway, since there's no way to supply the values for the place
holders in DB-Access.

The construct INTERVAL(...) SECOND TO FRACTION(3) is primarily used for
literals - you are expected to type actual digits in it. It is not a
conversion function. When I tried a version of the code in ESQL/C, I got
error -201, syntax error, on preparing the statement:

stmt = "select current year to fraction(3) +"
" interval(?) second to fraction(3)"
" from informix.systables where tabid = 1";
$ prepare p_xx from $stmt;

(String concatenation in C is wonderful!)

> Plus, though I suspect not, is there any more standard
> way to express date expressions (i.e. from SQL-92),
> that I'm not aware of? Thanks for any help.

I have previously posted some C code (usable with ESQL/C) that converts
intervals to decimals; you need the inverse operation (of converting
decimals to intervals), preferably inside the DBMS.

I can see how I'd do that in SPL - fiddly rather than impossible.

...then the brainstorm - using your original idea as a starting point:

stmt = "select current year to fraction(3),"
" current year to fraction(3) + ? units fraction(3)"
" from informix.systables where tabid = 1";

With appropriate formatting, etc (see code in attachment), I used an
decimal offset of 86403.14159 and got:

Got c: 2005-05-18 16:46:14.011
Got c+d: 2005-05-19 16:46:17.152

(a) My server runs in TZ=UTC0 (offset 7 hours from PDT).
(b) There are 86400 seconds in a day - it wasn't an accidental number.
(c) I expected the server to complain about too many leading digits in
the interval, but it didn't - wahoo!
(d) I'm not sure whether that's truly the documented, expected
behaviour, but it is certainly the desired behaviour.
(e) I didn't experiment using the double value directly - it would
almost certainly work.

I did try - in sqlcmd (equivalent to DB-Access), the notation:

SELECT CURRENT + (912311415133.1231/86400.0) UNITS FRACTION(3)
FROM informix.systables WHERE tabid = 1;

and this worked - and there's no obvious reason why you can't put a
question mark in that expression either. I've not fully explored what
happens with UNITS SECOND instead of FRACTION(3) - it might then work with
integers instead of fractions (superficial testing suggests that integers
are indeed used with UNITS SECOND).

You tried:
> current year to fraction(3) + (?/86400.0)

Use:

current year to fraction(3) + (?/86400.0) UNITS FRACTION(3)

--
Jonathan Leffler (jleffler@us.ibm.com)
STSM, Informix Database Engineering, IBM Information Management Division
4100 Bohannon Drive, Menlo Park, CA 94025
Tel: +1 650-926-6921 Tie-Line: 630-6921
"I don't suffer from insanity; I enjoy every minute of it!"

--=_alternative 005E5A9C88257005_=
Content-Type: text/html; charset="US-ASCII"

 <tt>"John Bejarano " <jbejarano@sbcglobal.net>
wrote on 05/17/2005 01:49:28 PM: 
> Currently in the process of converting some SQL from 
> SQL Server to Informix (yay!).  In one place we're 
> inserting the current time plus an offset.  Before it 
> was: 
> 
> getutcdate() + (?/86400.0) 
> 
> I was pretty sure that the following would fail and it did: 
> 
> current year to fraction(3) + (?/86400.0) 
> 
> However, I figured the workaround would be this, but 
> it failed also: 
> 
> current year to fraction(3) + ? units second 
> 
> The last one fails with the error message: 
> 
> 1264: Extra characters at the end of a datetime or 
> interval. 
> 
> There are no other characters after that last 
> interval.  There's very little about this on google. 
> Is this a bug in Informix?  If so, is there a 
> workaround? 
> 
> I also tried the following to no avail: 
> 
> current year to fraction(3) + interval (?) second to 
> second 
> 
> That fails with the error message: 
> 
> 1261: Too many digits in the first field of datetime 
> or interval. 
</tt>
 <tt>Odd that you didn't continue with interval(?) second
to fraction(3)...</tt>
 
 <tt>If you're using question marks, these are fragments
of embedded SQL, probably in ODBC or JDBC, possibly in ESQL/C - they're
not in DB-Access code, anyway, since there's no way to supply the values
for the place holders in DB-Access.</tt>
 
 <tt>The construct INTERVAL(...) SECOND TO FRACTION(3)
is primarily used for literals - you are expected to type actual digits
in it.  It is not a conversion function.  When I tried a version
of the code in ESQL/C, I got error -201, syntax error, on preparing the
statement:</tt>
 
 <tt>stmt = "select current year to fraction(3) +"</tt>
 <tt>" interval(?) second to fraction(3)"</tt>
 <tt>" from informix.systables where tabid = 1";</tt>
 <tt>$ prepare p_xx from $stmt;</tt>
 
 <tt>(String concatenation in C is wonderful!)</tt>
 
 <tt> 
> Plus, though I suspect not, is there any more standard 
> way to express date expressions (i.e. from SQL-92), 
> that I'm not aware of?  Thanks for any help.</tt>
 
 <tt>I have previously posted some C code (usable with
ESQL/C) that converts intervals to decimals; you need the inverse operation
(of converting decimals to intervals), preferably inside the DBMS.</tt>
 
 <tt>I can see how I'd do that in SPL - fiddly rather than
impossible.</tt>
 
 <tt>...then the brainstorm - using your original idea
as a starting point:</tt>
 
 <tt>stmt = "select current year to fraction(3),"</tt>
 <tt>" current year to fraction(3) + ? units fraction(3)"</tt>
 <tt>" from informix.systables where tabid = 1";</tt>
 
 <tt>With appropriate formatting, etc (see code in attachment),
I used an decimal offset of 86403.14159 and got:</tt>
 
 <tt>Got c:   2005-05-18 16:46:14.011</tt>
 <tt>Got c+d: 2005-05-19 16:46:17.152</tt>
 
 <tt>(a) My server runs in TZ=UTC0 (offset 7 hours from
PDT).</tt>
 <tt>(b) There are 86400 seconds in a day - it wasn't an
accidental number.</tt>
 <tt>(c) I expected the server to complain about too many
leading digits in</tt>
 <tt>    the interval, but it didn't - wahoo!</tt>
 <tt>(d) I'm not sure whether that's truly the documented,
expected</tt>
 <tt>    behaviour, but it is certainly the desired
behaviour.</tt>
 <tt>(e) I didn't experiment using the double value directly
- it would</tt>
 <tt>    almost certainly work.</tt>
 
 <tt>I did try - in sqlcmd (equivalent to DB-Access), the
notation:</tt>
 
 <tt>SELECT CURRENT + (912311415133.1231/86400.0) UNITS
FRACTION(3)</tt>
 <tt>    FROM informix.systables WHERE tabid
= 1;</tt>
 
 <tt>and this worked - and there's no obvious reason why
you can't put a question mark in that expression either.  I've not
fully explored what happens with UNITS SECOND instead of FRACTION(3) -
it might then work with integers instead of fractions (superficial testing
suggests that integers are indeed used with UNITS SECOND).</tt>
 
 <tt>You tried:</tt>
 <tt>> current year to fraction(3) + (?/86400.0)</tt>
 
 <tt>Use:</tt>
 
 <tt>current year to fraction(3) + (?/86400.0) UNITS FRACTION(3)</tt>
 
 -- 
Jonathan Leffler (jleffler@us.ibm.com) 
STSM, Informix Database Engineering, IBM Information Management Division 
4100 Bohannon Drive, Menlo Park, CA 94025 
Tel: +1 650-926-6921   Tie-Line: 630-6921 
     "I don't suffer from insanity; I enjoy every
minute of it!"
 

 
 
 
--=_alternative 005E5A9C88257005_=--

Messages In This Thread

The units keyword
John Bejarano -- Tuesday, 17 May 2005, at 4:49 p.m.
- Re: The units keyword
  John Bejarano -- Tuesday, 17 May 2005, at 6:02 p.m.
- Re: The units keyword
  Jonathan Leffler -- Wednesday, 18 May 2005, at 1:16 p.m.

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